Comparing 1.75-Inch vs 2-Inch Handlines for Fire Attack By Chief Jimmy Osborne – WeLikeFirefighting.com

Introduction

When it comes to fireground operations, the choice of hose size for initial attack can make or break the success of suppression efforts. Two common sizes in structural firefighting—1.75-inch and 2-inch handlines—each have distinct advantages and challenges. This article breaks down the differences between them in terms of flow capability, maneuverability, staffing requirements, nozzle compatibility, and operational use cases, helping departments make informed decisions based on their needs.

1.75-Inch Handline: The Traditional Workhorse

The 1.75-inch handline is the standard attack line for many departments across the country. It’s familiar, versatile, and time-tested.

✅Advantages

• Maneuverability: Lightweight and flexible, making it easy for one or two firefighters to move the line through tight spaces such as hallways and stairwells.

• Speed of Deployment: Quicker to deploy from crosslays or preconnects, which is critical in the first few minutes of a working structure fire.

• Staffing Friendly: Can be easily managed by smaller crews (common in rural or volunteer departments).

• Adequate Flow: Typically flows between 120–180 GPM, which is sufficient for most residential fire conditions.

⚠️Limitations

• Flow Limitation: May struggle to deliver enough water for large-volume fire conditions or deep-seated fires.

• Nozzle Reaction: As flow increases, nozzle reaction climbs, nearing the limits of what a small crew can safely control.

• Heat Absorption: With less water available per minute, the cooling and steam conversion may be slower in high-BTU environments.

2-Inch Handline: The Middle Ground Muscle

The 2-inch handline has gained popularity in recent years as departments seek higher flows without jumping all the way to 2.5-inch lines.

✅Advantages

• Higher Flow Capability: Can flow 185–250+ GPM, depending on nozzle and pump setup, offering a big step up in knockdown power.

• Suppression Power: Greater volume means faster cooling, steam production, and potential to handle larger fire loads.

• Better Reach: Higher pressure and volume result in better reach and penetration—crucial for transitional attacks or large rooms.

• Versatility: Acts as a bridge between the maneuverable 1.75” and the heavyweight 2.5”, making it a good “one-size-fits-most” solution.

⚠️Limitations

• Weight and Stiffness: Heavier and stiffer, which can fatigue firefighters faster and be harder to pull around corners or up stairs.

• Staffing Needs: Ideally requires at least 3 firefighters for safe and effective operation.

• Limited Familiarity: Not all departments train with or carry 2-inch lines, which can lead to poor handling or resistance from crews.

• Nozzle Compatibility: Needs to be paired with the correct nozzle to maximize efficiency and minimize nozzle reaction.

Real-World Application Scenarios

🔥Small Single-Family Residential Fire

A 1.75-inch line is ideal here—fast deployment, good mobility, and enough water for fire in 1-2 rooms. Rapid knockdown is possible without exhausting the crew.

🔥Large Commercial or Multi-Family Dwelling

A 2-inch line provides the needed volume to fight fire across multiple compartments or larger spaces. Its added weight is offset by the benefit of higher flow and reach.

🔥Transitional Attack

For transitional or blitz attacks from the exterior before entry, the 2-inch line offers higher reach and cooling power. Once knockdown is complete, switching to a 1.75” for overhaul or mop-up may make sense.

Nozzle Pairing and Pump Considerations

1.75-inch Lines:

• Often paired with combination nozzles (150 GPM @ 50 psi)

• Low-pressure fog or smooth bores

• Less friction loss, simpler pump ops

2-inch Lines:

• Best with low-pressure fog (e.g., 185 GPM @ 50 psi) or 1” smooth bore tip

• Friction loss increases dramatically if not accounted for

• Requires good pump ops knowledge and setup

Pro Tip: Flow testing and training with your actual hose setups are essential. A 2-inch line flowing 250 GPM sounds great—until your crews can’t move it effectively.

What’s Right for Your Department?

Consider the following when deciding which handline to use or standardize:

• Staffing levels (career vs. volunteer, average response size)

• Typical structure types (residential, commercial, mixed)

• Fire load and construction (lightweight vs. legacy)

• Training level and hose familiarity

• Pump capacity and engine setup

For departments with limited staffing but still facing larger structure fires, the 2-inch handline can be a game changer—but only with proper training and nozzle matching.

If speed, maneuverability, and simplicity are your main concerns, the 1.75-inch still earns its place on the rig.

Final Thoughts

There is no universally “better” handline—just the one best suited to your fireground and your crew. Many departments benefit from carrying both 1.75-inch and 2-inch lines and selecting based on the conditions they face. As with most fire service debates, it comes down to training, preparation, and operational awareness.

Fire doesn’t care what diameter hose you pulled—it only responds to effective water delivery. Make sure you choose the line your crew can stretch, operate, and control with confidence.

About the Author

Chief Jimmy Osborne is a veteran fire officer and the founder of WeLikeFirefighting.com, a site dedicated to practical, no-nonsense training and fireground tips for firefighters across the U.S. His department serves a mix of rural and suburban communities in Eastern Kentucky.